Saturday, 6 July 2013

KAMI DAN SHAMI


Lalah River Goat Farm is a very small scale dairy goat breeder. Ladang kami terletak 2 km dari main road yang melalui ladang kelapa sawit yang luas mata memandang. Kami menternak secara intensif. Ikut hati nak buat semi intensif, (fresh forage galore for the goats to browse) tapi restricted. One reason, kes kecurian di sini boleh dikatakan menjadi jadi.

Populasi keseluruhan at present time ialah 94 betina dan 21 jantan =115 ekor kesemuanya. Kambing kambing merangkumi 4 jenis baka iaitu Shami sebagai pejantan dan Boer, Jamna, Kampung sebagai induk.

Pure shami jantan je 3 ekor. Betina tak mampu nak beli. Kalau saudara naxz boleh bawak masuk shami harga rm100 kat pakistan tu, saya lah first customernya. 

Last beranak 2 ekor. 1 betina diberi nama Nabila, lahir 16 mei 2013, berat lahir 3kg dan 1 jantan namanya Fandi, lahir pada 10 Mei. Berat 4kg. Kedua-duanya  kacukan shami boer.

General info about shami. The larger body weight gives it an advantage as a dual purpose breed, primarily milk and meat. In Cyprus, this goat are able to produce 8.5 litres of milk a day. Champion tuh. A trait all dairy breeders look for. They are tall and have quite long and strong necks. Telinga panjang, bulu tebal dan panjang.

Shami Buck
Shami Sire
Unfortunately, I cannot elaborate much about Shami sebab ade 3 ekor je. To small of a number to really study the performance of this breed. And i do not rely or depend too much on the data overseas about these goats sebab environment and breeding condition berbeza. These goats are not tropical climate breeds. Tapi setakat ni, alhamdulillah, they do what they are supposed to do. Breed dan sangat kurang dapat penyakit.

Tuan tuan dan puan puan, di bawah ni pula adalah gambar kambing kacukan shami pula, generasi pertama (F1).

Aaron: Shami Boer
5 month old billies

Karlos: Shami Kampung. Approx 6 mth old. 30kg
More billies (back profile) Notice that shami cross (F1) breed ni is 'fluffy'

Para penternak sekalian.

Salah satu usaha saya untuk memperbaiki sistem penternakan LRGF ialah dengan membuat husbandary record atau rekod ternakan kambing. Nothing too fancy and sophisticated. Dalam Excel je. A simple track record of the goats birth from which dam, sire, monthly buck's weight and others. Kepada yang belum start, disaran untuk mempraktikkan. Banyak kelebihannya, which i shall share shortly. FYI saya baru je pun bermula buat rekod pada bulan April 2013.

So why are we cross breeding with the breeds mentioned? For 2 main reason:

Pertamanya, untuk mendapatkan full blood Shami (does) selepas generasi ke 4 untuk tujuan tenusu. Maksudnya, does generasi pertama ni akan 'dikahwinkan' dengan Shami penjantan lain untuk dapat offspring generasi 2 (F2). Kemudian F2 'dikahwinkan' lagi dengan Shami penjantan lain, dapatlah F3 dan seterusnya. It is quite a long duration and process. Unfortunately, saya belum lagi dapat mencari  penternak lain yang dah ada track rekod on the outcome of shami cross breeding nih. Kalau ada otai otai yang dah ada sejarah, sila recommend kat saya.

Yang keduanya pula, saling berkait dengan yang pertama jugak. Adakah mengkacukkan shami dengan baka lain ni akan menghasilkan baka baka kambing yang 'above standard'. Maksudnya can this breed be able to produce a substantial amount of milk in the future, better then their predecessor or even weight growth that could suggest their capability as being a premium dual purpose goat.

Walaupun pelbagai faktor faktor lain yang harus dipertimbangkan seperti makanan, genetik, climate dan sebagainya, this is as much as we can do at the moment and hope to learn and improve as we go along. Successful, fail, so so..tak pe. Kita cuba eksperimen dulu and hopefully we will be able to collect as much data and outcome for others to study and research.

Ok back to record keeping tadi, this is one data yang menarik untuk saya kongsikan. Gambar di bawah ni adalah kambing kambing kacukan jantan dalam satu kandang, umur 5 bulan.


Before we translate this data, a gentle reminder that this is a NOVICE breeder punya data. Banyak jugak kekurangannya.

Menurut pengalaman penternak penternak kambing eksotik, selalunya bila kambing diimport ni di bawa masuk ke Malaysia dan diternak, didapati performance kambing akan menurun dan bermasalah (kidding rate to weight and size gain) due to a few factor. (Please correct me if I'm wrong ye) This can be from the genetic trait itself (not breeding protocol, low grade breed), heat stress, dan bermacam macam lagi. Tapi tuan puan kena ingat, goats has been a domesticated animal for thousands of years and they a considered as a HARDY creature, able to adapt in many conditions.

Data Pertumbuhan Y.N Antionades from Cyprus (Shami pure breed goat breeder since 1929 yang mengeksport kambing ni) menyatakan bahawa;

  • Kadar berat lahir jantan shami ialah 4.4 kg
  • Berat pada umur 15 minggu ialah 29.2 kg
  • Berat pada umur 1 tahun ialah 60 kg
Data Pertumbuhan LRGF pula adalah seperti berikut;

  • Kadar berat lahir jantan shami kacukan boer ialah 4 kg (refer Fandi)
  • Berat pada umur 15 minggu ialah 26 kg
  • Berat pada umur 1 tahun ialah ?kg (takde rekod lagi)
  • Tidak melakukan 'fattening'. Makan 2 kali sehari iaitu campuran pelepah daun sawit yang dikisar dengan soya. Minimal use of dedak. 
Ok here goes. Comparing the growth of both data, there's not much of a difference kan? If kambing kacukan ni mampu maintain the average growth weight between 4 to 5kg a month, tidak mustahil beratnya boleh mencapai 55 to 60 kg dalam masa 1 tahun. Untung ni kalau jual.
Potential shami boer ni! As good as the pure breed shami.

Tuan tuan dan puan puan. I do not want to put your hopes high yet because the data is still in the early stage and too soon to predict. We shall see in a few months time and hope its good news for all. Aaron (pix above) is the 'sample' of this data.

However, the data lain pulak dengan anak jantan shami cross kampung dan shami cross jamna. Berat naik slow. Hairan bin pelik. Semua anak anak jantan dalam satu kandang. Makan pun semua sama. Dia orang kena buli dengan shami boer ke? Cross breeding tak ngam ke? Pulak dah... and we've yet to figure out what is the cause of this.

Tu je lah setakat ni because baru start buat husbandry record and its very useful as you can see the sample above. Banyak lagi boleh dirungkai dan diterokai so its never to late to start. Ni belum masuk lagi kidding rate, mortality dan sebagainya. We can also compare our findings and other breeders findings to justify and improve our skills and technique. Barulah nampak diri kita macam knowledgable breeder kan? Orang nak kelentong kita pun tak terkelentong.

Terima kasih kerana sudi membaca dan selamat hujung minggu. Mbekk!!

8 comments:

  1. 100+ heads is noy a small scale bro..at least in my book.hehe.i have yet to hit the magic number of 100 . InsyaAllah by the end of this year.

    Hamba gerun tgk baka shami.one bcs of its sheer size.tak susah ke nak manage, buat treatment and so on? Two bcs I have bad experience with non local breeds. Not gonna keep anything other than katjang..at least for now.

    I must admit that the crosses are very good looking.curly coat and coloration.meriah sungguh. Kambing shami ni vokal tak?

    ALl the best to you bro.kalau 94 ekor betina? How many of them are giving you milk?what's the average daily production per head. Fyi, hamba nak bandingkan dengan saanen di kandang hamba.i keep a few to study and learn more about them. An entry on them is on its way..soon.

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    Replies
    1. Tuan ECH,

      As quoted by prof Alwi '98% incresing fitness will increase fertility'. With your semi intensive system, InsyaAllah I believe you'll achieve it. All the best to hit that 100 boss.

      Tuan ada saanen? Great!!!! Super!! Saya memang nak mencari 'study partner' if i may to know more about saanen nih and do some comparision data. Please do the study bos. Entah entah I may end up getting the saanen from you to cross with Shami. haha. Mahu meletup 'chamber' kambing aku. haha.

      Currently we have only TWO dams right now. 15 ekor baru je habis lactating a few weeks ago and now waiting for approximately 20 does to give birth anytime soon. I'm running out of goats milk even for my own consumption!

      Previously the 15 dams ni manage to give me a total production of 5 litres a day of milk. However this are mostly from boer, and kampung. So i did not record the daily production per head as they are not actually dairy goats.
      The F1 shami cross doe masih dara lagi.

      You noted that you had bad experience wih non local breeds. Can you kindly enlighten me? Nak jugak tahu. hehe

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  2. Assalam tuan tanah.

    Bila sebut pasal crossing ni, buat saya tertarik. Saya ada baca, target tuan adalah Fullblood. Sebenarnya tuan tidak akan mencapai taraf fullblood, hanya purebreed. Maksimum darah Shami yang boleh dapat 99.99999%. Takkan dapat 100%. Tuan boleh hasilkan baka composite tuan sendiri.

    Baka composite adalah baka yang dihasilkan melalui crossbreeding, kemudian bila capai tahap yang kita nak, kita stop crossbreeding dan bela hasil akhir tu sebagai 1 baka baru. tiada lagi crossbreeding hanya linebreeding & outbreeding.

    Berapa kali cross yang nak dibuat? katakan 4 kali cross dengan Pejantan shami. Ini kiraan saya.

    100% Shami x Boer cross = 50% Shami 50% Boer cross (f1)
    F1 x 100% Shami = 75% Shami 25% Boer cross (f2)
    F2 x 100% Shami = 87.5% Shami 12.5% Boer cross (f3)
    F3 x 100% Shami = 93.75 % Shami 6.25% Boer cross (f4)

    Bila dah dapat f4, stop crossbreeding. Tetapi SELECTION perlu dibuat. Buat selection semasa di F1, F2, F3, & F4. Lagi cepat kita capai ciri2 yang kita nak. pilih 2 3 ciri sahaja, contoh, susu yang banyak & kenaikan berat yang cepat.

    Lepas dah stabil, boleh la register baka tu macam Jermasia, Lalah Shami ke apa ke.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. kalo di cross dengan kambing kampung, kenaikan berat badan memang slow, tetapi daya tahan penyakit tu lebih tinggi. Ada pro & contra. Itulah hybrid vigor.

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    2. Kapten Don,

      I Love You lah Bro!! Goat Love lah. Terima kasih di atas pencerahan dan pembetulan di atas. Amat amat dihargai.

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  3. Shami goats ni xslah den seasonal breeders,mcm Saanen,Alpine dll.Jd kalu fokus utk susu xdo mslah,utk baka pun ok tp utk pedaging mmg agk kurg ssuai la.Kira oklah bro kcuk Pjntn Shami dgn induk Boer(Boer ni den xpsti seasonal breeder ke bkan).Apepun bguslah bro Adil bt kajian n rekod,bleh jgak blajar psal baka Shami ni.hehe

    ReplyDelete